Colposcopy is a non-invasive technique that allows a doctor to examine the cervix. The method, which magnifies images between 6 and 40 times, uses a lighted instrument to provide a clearer view of the cervix, enabling the detection of all problems.

A colposcope is a lighted magnifier, similar to a binocular. It allows a detailed examination of the vaginal area. If a suspicious area is seen during the colposcopy, a colposcopic biopsy can be performed in the same procedure to examine the concerned area.

When Is Colposcopy Performed?

Colposcopy is especially helpful in the early diagnosis of cervical cancer, which often shows no clinical symptoms. It is vital for patients with abnormal cytology results, abnormal Pap smear tests, or positive HPV tests for HPV 16 or 18. Cervical cancer develops slowly and often without symptoms, so colposcopy supports early detection.

• When diagnosing cervical cancer,
• To analyze suspicious lesions on the vulva,
• To diagnose visually observable precancerous changes on the vulva,
• To diagnose and observe itching present on the vulva,
• It should be performed if precancerous cells are present in the cervical tissue, which have not yet become cancer but pose a risk of cancer development,
• Colposcopy is also applied when infertility is present but the cause is unexplained.

How to Prepare for Colposcopy?

• Colposcopy is a fairly easy, painless, and almost risk-free procedure.
• It is not recommended to have colposcopy during menstruation because a clear view is needed.
• Sexual abstinence should be practiced before the procedure as advised by the doctor.
• Use of tampons should be stopped one or two days before colposcopy.
• Vaginal medications should not be used during preparation.
• Vaginal douches should be avoided.

How Is Colposcopy Performed?

Colposcopy should be performed under clinical conditions. The patient lies on her back as during a pelvic exam or Pap smear test.

For a clearer view, the cervix is cleaned with a special solution that makes abnormal cells easier to see. The colposcopy equipment is placed a few centimeters in front of the cervix. If suspicious lesions are seen, a colposcopic biopsy is performed.

How Long Does the Colposcopy Procedure Take?

The duration of the colposcopy procedure depends on whether a biopsy is performed. Generally, the procedure is completed in a short time, lasting between 5 and 15 minutes.