Uterine prolapse, one of the most common health problems in women, can occur due to advancing age, frequent childbirths, and certain diseases.

Often presenting initially with mild pain, women may not take this condition seriously at first, but symptoms can worsen over time.

When pain and cramps become noticeable, visible prolapse of the uterus occurs. Uterine prolapse can lead to both physiological and psychological effects.

What is uterine prolapse?

The uterus is a female reproductive organ tightly connected to the side walls of the pelvis and strongly held by the pelvic floor muscles. Depending on certain factors, the muscles holding the uterus weaken, causing it to sag downward.

The prolapse seen in the uterus can also affect the intestines and bladder, leading to some degree of sagging in these organs as well. Therefore, it is a serious women's health issue that must be taken seriously and treated as soon as possible.

What are the stages of uterine prolapse?

There are several development stages of uterine prolapse. It is generally classified into four groups: mild, moderate, severe, and very severe. In the initial mild stage, symptoms are subtle and the condition progresses mildly.

Many women ignore the pain felt in the vagina, thinking it is temporary and do not consult a doctor. In the moderate stage, the individual can more easily recognize the symptoms. They may feel mass-like formations by touch that press downward, making them aware of the abnormal condition.

In the third, severe stage, the sagging skin is clearly visible, and the intensity of pain and cramps increases. Due to friction, irritation occurs on the skin. In the final stage, these irritations turn into wounds and begin to damage adjacent organs.

Additionally, patients report feeling as if sitting on a ball, experiencing lower back pain, sexual dissatisfaction, and disrupted bowel movements.

What causes uterine prolapse?

• Advanced age
• Pregnancy
• Multiple pregnancies
• Giving birth to babies above normal weight
• Being overweight
• Chronic cough
• Pelvic tumors
• Smoking and alcohol consumption
• Weakness in pelvic muscles
• Menopause
• Natural decrease in estrogen levels
• Family history
• Pelvic surgeries

How is uterine prolapse treated?

The treatment of uterine prolapse, diagnosed through physical and pelvic examinations by a doctor, varies depending on the course and severity of the prolapse. If the prolapse is mild, the patient is given a Kegel exercise program to strengthen the pelvic muscles and prevent further prolapse.

However, if the prolapse affects quality of life and damages surrounding organs, surgical intervention is necessary.

In some cases, a hysterectomy, which is the complete removal of the uterus, may be considered. This option is preferred if the patient does not plan pregnancy and experiences significant complaints due to the prolapse.