Hysteroscopy is used to diagnose and treat many problems ranging from unexpected bleeding, failed IVF treatments, recurrent miscarriages to prolonged menstrual periods.

This quite comfortable method is based on the principle of observing the inside of the uterus with a camera inserted into the uterus. It can be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and can be performed under general or local anesthesia.

What is hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy, derived from the words “hystero” and “scopy,” is the procedure of visualizing the inside of the uterus and the part of the fallopian tubes that open into the uterus using a special optical device with a camera.

Hysteroscopy is used in a wide range of cases from fibroids in the cervix to polyps, infertility diagnosis to treatment of many diseases, and can also be performed during biopsy procedures.

When is hysteroscopy applied?

• Investigation of abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Determining the structure, size, number, and location of fibroids or polyps
• Examination of uterine septa
• Diagnosis of congenital anomalies
• Opening of intrauterine adhesions
• Factors that make getting pregnant difficult
• Repeated failed IVF treatments
• Postmenopausal bleeding
• Recurrent miscarriages
• Locating and removing a displaced IUD
• Removal of endometrial tissue
• Unexpected bleeding between menstrual cycles
• Repeated bleeding after sexual intercourse
• Painful menstrual bleeding
• Treatment of scar tissue
• Congenital uterine abnormalities

How is the hysteroscopy procedure performed?

This procedure, performed vaginally through the cervical canal with special instruments, is done without anesthesia if it is for diagnostic purposes. Usually, the patient lies on the gynecological table, the vaginal area is cleaned with an antiseptic solution, and an optical device is inserted into the uterus.

With the help of this device, carbon dioxide or fluid is introduced to visualize the inside of the uterus. If any anomaly is detected, a tissue sample is taken for definitive diagnosis. This process takes about 10 to 15 minutes in total.

If performed for treatment purposes, it is done under general anesthesia and is called operative hysteroscopy. This method allows detailed visualization of all structures inside the uterus.

Identified uterine anomalies are treated with an electrosurgical system called a resectoscope. If deemed necessary by the physician, burning or cutting tools at the tip of the hysteroscope can be used to quickly resolve the uterine issues.

What should be considered after surgery?

Firstly, there is no need to worry as this procedure is performed quite easily and quickly. After the procedure, the patient can usually be discharged within a few hours or one day without any issues.

Although rare, every operation carries risks. Therefore, the experience of the physician performing the procedure minimizes these risks.